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Novan Broadcasting Corporation
About
The NBC Broadcasting House in New London
The Novan Broadcasting Corporation (NBC) is the national public-service broadcaster of 
The Commonwealth of Nova-Lox (NL), settled at Broadcasting House in New London. The NBC's work is funded principally by an annual television licence fee (supplemented by international subscriptions) that is charged to all Novan families, corporations, and organisations using any type of equipment to receive transmitted television broadcasts. The fee, a hypothecated tax, is established by the Government of Nova-Lox, accorded a federal charter by the Parliament, and used to fund the NBC's extensive radio, television, and online services covering the national provinces of Nova-Lox and beyond to the rest of the Atlantean Union (AU). The NBC is a statutory corporation, not compromised (bound in plight) by direct government intervention, with its activities supervised by Governors who are appointed by Parliament. Chaired by the "head" and "hands" of the Director-General, the Executive Board is responsible for operative administration and active distribution within a structure created by the Board of Governors. The Executive Board for the general direction of the organisation reports to the Board of Governors. Despite the government financing it, the NBC has complete and total editorial independence.
The emblem of the NBC.
NBC Radio service provides national radio stations covering the majority of musical genres, as well as local radio stations (dedicated to metropolitan areas) covering local news, affairs and interests. It also oversees online audio content. NBC's radio symphony, philharmonic, concert, chamber and dance band orchestras are famous for their performance of classical music. The NBC Proms is annually presented concert festival that makes classical music accessible. The Proms (from the promenade concerts of pleasure parks or gardens) is distributed in Atlantis by Atlasvision. The festival is held in the Federal Concert Hall (rivalling only Stern Hall in New York as a venue) in the New London borough of South Chesney, where the Federal College, which belongs to the University of New London, is located. There are also mutual (cooperative and collective) radio stations with more eclectic music and local programming than the corporate NBC networks. Affiliated with telecommunications, these have become increasingly popular due to their communal autonomy in programming. In comparison to the "pirate" radio that broadcast without the permission of authorities, NBC Radio championed emergent and "overseas" music (e.g., double versions of rough "rags" and the "sequent" Igbo ka anyi soro).
National radio stations include:
NBC Radio 1 (adolescent-oriented, contemporary popular, dance, disco, and rock music);
NBC Radio 2 (adult-oriented, alternative, independent, popular, electronica, and rock music);
NBC Radio 3 (cultural, ritual, classical and traditional music);
NBC Radio 4 (news, theatre, drama, tragedy, comedy, science, art, culture, history, and weather);
NBC Radio 5 (news, sport, and commentary).
Comprehending an English 24-hour international radio network, the NBC World Service radio broadcasts news, speech and discussions in multiple languages to all parts of the world. Broadcast as a programme on NBC Radio 4 and the NBC World Service as public service broadcasting, an annual series of lectures is commissioned and archived with an invited lecturer (figure and personality) to discuss important and significant topics (informed by academic, scholastic, historic, artistic and scientific perspectives) of contemporary educational (intellectual, sensual and cultural) interest. These are in addition to its regular (normal, conformal, usual and habitual) programming. The theme that follows the call (roop) of "this is New London" at the interval signal is comparable to the melodic airs (melodies of folk ballads and plain chants of the maritime tradition) of NBC Radio 4 (with the shipping forecast of the seas around the coasts of Atlantis by area or region to aid navigation subsequent) or the dominant-mediant-tonic musical mark (sequence of tones). It broadcasts on analogue and digital broadcasting platforms (services) such as hosting and streaming (of video and audio), satellite, DVB (digital video broadcasting), DAB (digital audio broadcasting), FM (frequency modulation), and AM (medium frequency, MF, medium wave or MW amplitude modulation whose length varies as hundreds of metres or m) relays (rebroadcast, rediffusion, reemission, retransmission and repetition for distribution). This global service was intended for "men and women, so cut off by the snow, the desert, or the sea, that only voices out of the air can reach them", and now has a reputation for confident, credible, cert(ain) and s(ec)ure reporting. The NBC operates relay stations, which repeat an original radio signal (high frequency short wave propagated by ionospheric reflection or refraction beyond the horizon, in contrast to terrestrial or superficial "ground" waves and microwave propagation by line of sight, which may be dispersed a grand distance in the troposphere) and broadcast as transmitters in response to a receiver, for the international broadcasters (voices) of the BBC, RTE and Deutsche Welle in Atlantis. Respondents in an annual question (investigation, interrogation, research, inquest or enquiry) to determine (evaluate, estimate and esteem) the opinion of "good" (value, integrity or quality) of programmes established the NBC as a principal leader in the media market and broadcasting. The first transatlantic radio broadcast occurred in Newfoundland (11601 HE). In technical experiments, laboratories and demonstrations (e.g., the invention and the innovation of John Logie Baird), electrical and mechanical televisors evolved from radio technology (systems of diffusion, transmission and reception) to the photic images of electronic television with analogue and digital signals. As the public broadcasting corporation of Nova-Lox, the NBC competes with commercial or private broadcasting corporations in NL and throughout the AU (e.g., satellite and cable broadcasters, and free-to-air digital terrestrial television with multiplexers of channels). Satellite broadcasting (which is celestial and aerial, not terrestrial and/or aerial) tends to be of "strange" (foreign) content that is of external (inter-, extra- and trans-continental or national, contra the internal "home" of continental and national) language. The NBC also broadcasts a 24-hour international television news network, the NBC World News.
NBC Television operates several television networks and stations (such as local channels dedicated to metropolitan areas), and related programming services in NL. National channels include:
NBC One (the principal network, broadcasting conventional comedy, tragedy, documentaries, films, news, sport, and programmes for young or "immature" people);
NBC Two (speciality programming including comedy, documentaries, tragedy, drama and minority interest programmes, as well as imported programmes from other countries in the AU);
NBC Three (programming juvenile youths, particularly comedy "sketch" shows and situational comedies);
NBC Four (programming for an intellectual audience including specialist documentaries, drama, theatre, alloglot films and television programmes and prestigious archive television repeats);
NBC Five (with distinctive, creative and innovative quality and characteristics in the form and content of programmes for the cultural interests and experiences of a diverse society);
NBC Parliament (a politics channel that covers the Parliament and international politics);
YNBC (for children aged seven years and greater than) and NBeebies (for children aged less than seven years, as the plural of a child or colt and the infant babes, boys and girls of society).
Content, with no statutory requisite for time restrictions of the broadcast of programmes, generally is not evaluated in a system ("code") of classification of appropriate ages. NBC Online is a large network of websites including such high profile websites as NBC News and Sport (dedicated to news and sport), the on-demand (à la carte or to bespeak a mete, metre or measure of data and information at command and order with a request or petition to transfer, diffuse, communicate, transmit, receive, exchange and interchange via the Web sequences, streams, torrents, currents, courses, flows, floods, fluids and flux of broadband Internet channels) video (television of images) and audio (radio audition of sounds) services co-marked NBC Views, the pre-school website NBees, and (educative and instructive) study services such as Bites (supplementary of Wiki Media Text and the informative data system of Numeric Acquisition and Televisualisation of Organised Images in Pages of Scripture). The NBC collaborates with the Novan national archives, library and museum on education and commemorations. NBC Online (a subgroup of the Nova Online service provider with Novan Telecom) contains a variety of content ranging from news, sport, music, science, technology and entertainment, amongst other things. NBC Studios is the production and distribution company of the NBC. It produces and distributes television ("telly" or "TV") programmes including the entertainment (divertissement) of comedy, tragedy, virtual "reality" and interview show (with the talk, tale, tell and chatter of Deborah Cavo McMurphy and Gabriella Peralta Stahl the most celebrated), and informational (hi)stories (notices and news), current affairs, topical debate and discussion, and documentary programmes. The "anchor" or newsreader (presenter and moderator) of The National Journal, Peter Mekki Cardinale, conducts the "News at ___" programme (insert time there). A television series, or more generally a television programme often when a narrative does not exist dissimilar to a (fictional) drama (tragedy and comedy) and (non-fictional) documentary, is released in episodes, with a set of episodes referred to as a series. The primate (principal or initial) episode is the premiere and the ultimate (final or terminal) episode is the finale.
The production of NBC One and Two is divided into regions by province and municipality, which exist primarily to produce local news programming, and secondarily to show programmes of local importance (e.g., pertinent or relevant local events). Local programmes are mostly introduced by local readers (announcers, presenters, and locutors), rather than by those in New London. There also exists differences in the programmes province to province. Local radio stations—connected to daily newspapers and "folk houses", or palaces and mansions of the people constructed by progressive cooperatives and municipal centres—typically serve urban metropolitan cities, as well as rural and provincial regions. They provide some music, news, weather (temporal climate courtesy of the Meteorological Office), sport with a local scope. Municipalities (cities and regions) and provinces in NL fund radio stations and television channels to promote local arts and culture. These stations and channels cater to the eclectic and diverse tastes of art across local communities. Provinces through their Government's Ministry of Education own Commonwealth corporations that are the communications authority of educational television media broadcasting and programming. They serve in the universal (intersectional and interdisciplinary) education of the municipal (local and political) community. The corporations are responsible for publicly transmitting parliamentary sessions of the provincial legislative assemblies, as the NBC is for the federal parliament. The produced media is frequently university lectures (interviews, discourses, conversations and discussions), realistic documentaries (factual, informational and observational responses as participative, reflexive, narrative, performative and representative constructions of the appearance and experience of reality), artistic films (pellicules), and cultural expressions of creators (in the artificial creation of artifice, arts, music, literature, sculpture, picture, architecture, theatre and cinema of artists, musicians, composers, scribes, authors, dramatists, directors and architects), historians (in the historical narratives of history and society), and scientists (in the technical science and natural philosophy of humanity). Reporting on references (facts, information and observation), these documentaries (e.g., POV for "point of view", or empiric and epistemic, not deontic, perspective and "vista") present thematic (scientific, artistic, historic, philosophic, political, cultural and social) topics. The most notable are the histories of ideas (science and art), including A History of ___, Civilisations, and those by James Burke and Gwendolen "Wendy" Beckett (a British Catholic monastic of a religious institute, society, order or congregation who is noted for her verbal description of nude human anatomy).
The NBC is required to produce and create original content that is representative of culture (the academy of art, science and history) for the public. The NBC's radio orchestra, the NBC Symphony Orchestra, competes with the AU's premier orchestras, the New York Philharmonic Orchestra (NYPO), the Alpenburg Philharmonic Orchestra (Alpenburger Philharmoniker (Philharmonisches Orchester), Orchestre Philharmonique d’Alpesbourg, Orchestra Filarmonica d’Alpiborgo), the New London Symphony Orchestra (NLSO), the San Francesco Symphony Orchestra (Orchestra Sinfonica di San Francesco, Orquesta Sinfónica de San Francisco, Orquestra Sinfônica de São Francisco) and the National Orchestra of Aleixandria. NBC also broadcasts on radio and television the Montreal International Jazz Festival (Festival International de Jazz de Montréal) in Nova Francia, the largest in the world. In cooperation with ARG SAR’s RAF, the Montreux Jazz Festival, annually held every Leo on the shore of Lake Geneva in Alpenburg, is broadcast. The Brooklyn Academy of Music, located near a school of the University of New York and a park that was a fort, is a centre for scenic arts. Petronius, the author of the Satyricon, said "because almost all the word is an actor" (quod fere totus mundus exerceat histrionem). This metaphor, which was later adapted by William Shakespeare in Act 2, Scene 7 of As You Like It (influenced by the Renaissance humanist, atheist, dramatist and homosexual Christopher Marlowe) as "All the world’s a stage, / And all the men and women merely players" spoken by "Melancholy Jaques" (a pathetic character of pensive passion, reflection and contemplation, whose principal and sole occupation is abstract ethics or ethical philosophy of moral conduct according to the critic William Hazlitt), captures the commonplace of drama and sociological dramaturgy. It also has been cynically reinterpreted by Oscar Wilde (a master at aphorism) in Lord Arthur Savile's Crime as "the world is a stage, and the play is badly cast", with Alan Moore in V for Vendetta (illustrated by David Lloyd and about vigilance and vengeance in anarchist revolution against a dystopic and homophobic fascist government and police state) adding "all the world's a stage, and everything else is vaudeville". Regardless, it emphasises the importance of theatre in Nova-Lox.
Musical theatre and plays are famously presented in New York's Broadway (the homonym of a high street in Capitoline Hill) and New London's West End (specifically Soho, from the interjection to excite attention like the salutation "hey", which influenced "South of Houston" in New York and "South of Market" in San Francesco). Productions of the Federal National Theatre in New London located at the Southbank Centre (where the NLSO, with an additional central seat, siege, see, office or presidium at the Barbican Centre, is based in the Federal Festival Hall), in addition to the Metropolitan Opera House (the headquarters of the Metropolitan Opera and the Metropolitan Ballet) in New York located at the Bruch Centre (the artistic home of the NYPO, which the music composer and lecturer Benjamin "Benny" Bernstein directed and conducted), are broadcast on the NBC. The Novan Film Institute (NFI), the national film archive that promotes and preserves cinematic (kinematic) filmmaking and television, has a federal charter. Its office produces and distributes films with support from the Government as the Ministry of Culture. It is located in the South Bank district of the New London boroughs of Lambeth and Sudwerk. This district is the origin of the name of The South Bank Show arts series (programme and magazine) broadcast on NBC television. The Novan Academy of Film and Television Arts (NAFTA) was created by the NFI to administer its annual awards for cinema, film, television, visual effects (virtual images of a special action, motion, projection, generation, composition, simulation and animation with optics and mechanics in photographic and cinematographic illusion) and computer games (motion pictures, or the moving sequence of visual and aural images of virtual objects observed as evidence by an audience of subjects as demonstrations and narrations with music and graphics in festivals, feasts, parties and assemblies) held in the month of Aquarius at the Federal Opera House (home to the Federal National Opera and Federal National Ballet) in New London's Covent Garden (of the boroughs of Westminster and Campden).
The NAFTA Awards precedes the International Film Festival in Palma Riviera's Rio de Rosa, the largest and oldest Atlantean annual film festival. In cooperation with the NFI, international film festivals are held in New London, New York, Seattle, Montreal, and Vancouver. Besides its educational efforts, NFI has restored films, in collaboration with the NBC. In the commerce of music publication and edition, the Novan Syndicate of the Phonographic Industry (NSPI) founded the Novan Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences (NARAS), which hosts the Genie Awards for popular and artistic excellence. NSPI, as a member of an international federation, lists singles and albums of audiovisual media (e.g., digital, not analogue, discs of collections) for publicity and by popularity (in a list, chart, table, parade or dossier of classification or certification). NBC Music is a monthly review that covers classical music events, programmes and recordings (phonographic records of music, i.e. a "gramophone" of sound and voice or sonus and vox) as a comprehensive (expert or specialist) guide. Like NBC Science, NBC Culture and NBC History, it is a brother or sister of NBC Kitchen, which tests instructions (recipes or receipts), ingredients (food and drink), and dispositive apparatus in the cookery of Palman cuisine and gastronomy with illustrations, recommendations, and advice (counsel). The NBC publishes these magazines on the WWW (World Wide Web or W3) in addition to technological publication, NBC Computer. The symbolic notation and exclamation for the identification and classification of quality (i.e., realisation, actuation, publication, utilisation, organisation, construction, imagination, formation, function, creation, direction, condition, execution, information, interpretation, reflection, representation and presentation) is "points" (stars, roses or lozenges) with a scale or grade from one to three or five is used in the evaluation of media (cf. that for categories, characters, types, factors, places, situations, circumstances, substances, consequences, effects, results, products, goods and services of production for consumption) as recognition.
Atlantean Broadcaster Alliance
As well as being a broadcaster (transmitter), the corporation also produces a large number of its own programmes in-house (primarily in New London and across NL), thereby ranking as one of the world's largest television production companies. The NBC's content is well-watched in NL and particularly abroad throughout the Atlantean community. Publications, and radio and television broadcasters like the NBC, subscribes to and purchases news reports from news agencies. The NBC collaborates with the other public service broadcasting organisations in the AU in the Atlantean Broadcasting Union (ABU), UAR in Romance-language nations (Italian: Unione Atlantidea di Radiodiffusione; Spanish: Unión Atlante de Radiodifusión; Galician: Unión Atlante de Radiodifusión; Portuguese: União Atlante de Radiodifusão; Catalan: Unió Atlante de Radiodifusió; French: Union Atlante de Radiodiffusion), ARU (German: Atlantiden Rundfunkunion), or AOU (Dutch: Atlantiër Omroepunie). In this alliance of public service broadcasters, NBC produces Television and Radio programming with:
Palma Riviera's Radio and Television Rosa (Italian: Radio e Televisione, Spanish: Radio y Televisión, Catalan: Ràdio i Televisió, Portuguese and Galician: Rádio e Televisão, French: Radio et Télévision) (RTR): TV Rosa (TVR 1, 2, 3) & Radio Rosa
San Francesco Bay's Pacifica Broadcasting Service (PBS): TV Pacifica (Channel 7, 8, 9) & Radio Pacifica
Alpenburg's ARG SAR (German: Alpenburgische Rundfunk-Gesellschaft, French: Société Alpesbourgeois de radiodiffusion, Italian: Società Alpiborghese di radiodiffusione): ARF (Alpenburgische Radio und Fernsehen), RAF (Radiotélévision Alpesbourgeois Française), RAI (Radiotelevisione Alpiborghese Italiana)
Aleixandria's Alexandran Broadcasting Corporation (ABC): ABC TV & ABC Radio
The emblem of ART.
The theme music of the ABU is a segment from Marc-Antoine Charpentier's Te Deum. Similar to concerts for young people (not solely old), an annual concert of classical music interpreted by the NBC Symphony Orchestra is broadcast (televised) with the ABU on New Day with the "march" of this rondo (from French rondeau for "roundel") as a prelude of a Baroque motet (named for a titular incipit of a hymn, Te Deum laudamus) that is audible in its visible title sequence (production credits of cinematographic, photographic and typographic design). Annually, the ABU produces the Atlasvison Song Contest (French: Concours Atlasvision de la chanson). This contest is known in Atlantis and worldwide for its originality and celebratory pageantry. Atlasvision (cf. Eurovision) is the grand celebration of Atlantean folk (popular, vulgar and common) music (MPA or APM). The victor is (s)elected in with a positional electoral system (with a mathematical arithmetic progression of the formula for the point value or grade of the preference position n is pn = a − d (n − 1) for a principal preference value a, which is typically made equal to the number of candidates N, and common difference d, which is typically made equal to one or 1; this differs from the geometric arn − 1 for a common ratio 0 ≤ r < 1 in the sequence and the harmonic a2 / (a + d (n − 1)). The public and musical professionals vote for the favourite song of preference by telecommunications. The contest is famous for its camp sensibility and the schlager (German for "slayer", "thresher", "exit", "hit" or success) musical disco genre reinforced in memory by a repetitive and emotive waltz (voluble and volute in version, volume and vault of triple metre time with three rhythmic beats to a measure) or ballad of lyrical and vocal pleasure.
The acoustic transducer changed singing with the crooning and smart smearing of charm. The genre (in addition to the classic or classical, and the "house" disco with the instrumental synthesiser or modular electrophone that generates polyphonic audio or sound signals in the oscillation, filtration, composition and sequence of subtractive, additive, frequency modulation and phase distortion synthesis) influenced artistic, electronic, alternative, progressive, experimental, improvisational, vulgar and popular music named New Wave (Neue Woge/Welle, Nieuwe Waag/Golf). In recognition of the prevalence of the "streamline" (i.e., hydrodynamic or aerodynamic as nautical and industrial design) and modern Art Deco aesthetic, the dance music of "swing" bands persists in popularity for its responsive and propulsive quality of rhythm from the alternation of the prolonging (augmentation) and diminishing (reduction) of primary and secondary consecutive or successive musical notes as divisive (or multiplicative) pulses. This influenced the "bop" (beat and bash) and the scat(ology) of jazz. Annual and national song competitions of "new music" determine the respective nation's artistic, musical and interpretive representative in Atlasvision. The public forum of classical music competitions and concourses are prestigious events for the identification, recognition and evaluation of the interpretative capacities of musical candidates (musicians and composers) for the initialisation of professional careers. Categories include discipline, ensemble, instrument and genre. The ABU's Atlasvision network also awards the Golden Rose (French: Rose d'Or) for originality, quality and creativity in entertainment television programming. In addition to Atlasvison, the ABU also facilitates inter-Atlantean cooperation and exchange with the Ministries of Culture in Atlantis and their artistic prizes ("victories").
The NLTV venture (paid by subscription in payments as pay television) broadcasts NBC programmes, series and productions for consumption in Atlantis "at large". Each national broadcaster owns shares (parts or portions) of the Atlasnews 24-hour news channel (which has been parodied as a feuilleton, the diminutive of the "novel" or "roman" feuillet for a serial "foil"). It is part of an initiative by the ABU named Atlasvox for collaboration in transcriptions, transductions, personalisations, contributions and publications. The jointly co-operated and produced Alexandran and Palman ART (Aleixandria-Rosa Television) network is broadcast within the ABU. The ART TV network promotes programming in the areas of culture (e.g., history and current events) and the arts (e.g., visual arts, aural arts, fine art, theatre, drama, and music). It is made up of two separate broadcasting companies: the ABC-owned ART Aleixandria in Heliopolis and RTR-owned ART Rosa in Rio de Rosa. As an international joint venture, its programmes technically satisfy and gratify audiences and spectators. This necessitates double-titling, opposite-language subtitling, dubbing, hosts who speak both languages alternately, and two separate audio tracks. Subtitling is available also in English, Portuguese, French, and German, thus enabling viewership in other Palman populations and Alpenburg and Nova-Lox. The Association of Audiovisual Translation and Adaptation (ATAA; Spanish: Asociación de Traducción y Adaptación Audiovisual; Italian: Associazione di traduzione e di adattamento audiovisivo; French: Association de traduction et d'adaptation audiovisuelle; Portuguese: Associação de Tradução Audiovisual e Adaptação; German: Vereinigung für audiovisuelle Übersetzung und Anpassung) sets subtitling norms for the translated (transduced) significance of the dialogue that satisfies the aural and visual rhythm of the programme or film (that is sensed as audio for the otic and auricular ears and video for the optic and ocular eyes). The copyright collective, created by Atlantean intellectual property law which grants a statutory monopoly, Society of Authors, Composers and Editors (SACE; Spanish: Sociedad de Autores, Compositores y Editores; Italian: Società degli Autori, Compositori ed Editori; French: Société des auteurs, compositeurs et éditeurs; Portuguese: Sociedade de Autores, Compositores e Editores; German: Gesellschaft der Autoren, Komponisten und Musikverleger) licenses copyrighted works on behalf of copyright holders and owners of intellectual (visual and aural) property (i.e., authors or creators of lyric, poetic, mythic, histrionic, dramatic, tragic, comic, theatric, cinematic, aesthetic, symbolic, characteristic, emblematic, typical, practical, theoretical, technical, logical and musical creations) and engages in collective rights administration and attribution.
Broadcasting, as a form of telecommunications, is regulated by the Novan Communications Authority (NCA) of the Ministry of Communications. The NCA institutes an office for regulation of transmission and reception and a service for education of instruction and information. The Ministry designates radio and television broadcasting stations with indicative signs from a three-letter country-code prefix block assigned by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). The subseries letters and digits are nationally assigned by the Ministry. The use of indicative signs on-air is optional so other identifications (e.g., frequency) are used by stations. The frequency of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum is divided into "bands" (large breadths, lengths, ranges, spans, sections, or intervals in metric orders of magnitudes of ten as the palette or gamma ut of diatonic music with its major mode in distinction to the chromatic, and melodic and harmonic minor modes): myriametre (3–30 kHz or 100–10 km), kilometre (30–300 kHz or 10–1 km) hectometre (300–3,000 kHz or 1,000–100 m), decametre (3–30 MHz or 100–10 m), metre (30–300 MHz or 10–1 m), decimetre (300–3,000 MHz or 1–0.1 m), centimetre (3–30 GHz or 100–10 mm), millimetre (30–300 GHz or 10–1 mm), and submillimetre (300–3,000 GHz or 1–0.1 mm). The energy (defined in units of the quantity of kinetic energy gained by a single electron in acceleration from rest in a vacuum with a unitary electric potential difference) of a photon of electromagnetic radiation is the product of the constant of quantum of electromagnetic action and the frequency of the photon (i.e., the celerity of light, divided by the wavelength of the photon). Television and FM radio transmitters are placed on masts and towers across the nation. A tower is a self-supporting or cantilevered structure, while a mast is held up by stays or guys. Some masts are mast radiators in which the entire structure functions as an antenna (with a nigh and far field of magnetic and electric energy, with a reactive region, radiative region where inductive or capacitive energy cannot be returned or transferred and that radiates radiant energy in propagation determined by Fresnel diffraction from the interference of amplitude and phase, and a transition to a region defined by the Fraunhofer diffraction and distance between the transmitter and receiver). (In optics with a circular aperture and a circle of confusion from an imperfect lens with a not perfect focal point of intensity, a diffraction named for George Biddell Airy occurs where angular resolution, or the relation of the spatial resolution and the focal length of the objective, is equal to the relation of the wavelength and diameter of the aperture. This process of apodisation with different functions is used to filter the concentric discs of this phenomenon to augment the focus of the signal.) Others are concrete towers such as the NR Tower (328 m) in Seattle (constructed by Novan Railways as a telecommunications tower to demonstrate the strength of Nova-Loxer industry and NR in particular) or NT Tower (189 m) in New London (erected by Novan Telecom for a now-obsolete national point-to-point microwave (a frequency or wavelength spectrum between 300 MHz and 300 GHz or 1 m and 1 mm, compared to that of radio between 3 kHz and 300 MHz or 100 km and 1 m) network, which has been superseded by a subterranean optical fibre communication network, in cooperation with Novan Railways whose Modernist emblem was designed by Allan Fleming). Buildings and skyscrapers may also be used as radio and television masts, for example the Commonwealth Building and 30 Rockefeller Plaza in New York. Telecommunication towers are utilised by several organisations, not solely the NBC, for various broadcast transmission (Tx) and reception (Rx) purposes. Some towers have observation decks or floors open to the public.
A Commonwealth corporation like the NBC, Novan Telecom (NT) separated from Novan Post (formerly named Federal Mail, a postal commission) in 11696 HE (the Government via the General Post Office of the Ministry of Communications possesses a 52% majority part or portion). With its origins in telegraphy, NT is secondary as an important telecommunications corporation (company and firm) in the Atlantean information technology industry, where Palman San Francesco-based Telecom Rosa (Italian, Spanish, Catalan, Portuguese and Galician: Telecom Rosa S.A.; French: Télécom Rosa S.A.) leads in the market with Alpenburg's Alptel tertiary. These "telecom" firms provide a mobile and fixed-line telephone network, and furnish access to broadband Internet service. In accordance with the recommendation of the ITU, the AU normalised the notation of the international call prefix of 00 (+) and destination country code (two-digits in the AU) to precede the national (significant) number. If the telephone call is national, the preceding national (interurban) prefix as 0. The 10-digit national number (in the typical format 0xx xxx xx xx) includes a three-digit destination area code (including the national prefix that is omitted in international calls) and seven-digit local user (subscriber) number. The telecommunication norms recognised by the ITU for mobile equipment, code-division multiple access (CDMA) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing access (OFDMA) are named the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). A central characteristic of the GSM is the subscriber identification module (SIM) card, an integrated circuit that memorises the international mobile identity of the signatory user. GSM protocols facilitates short text and media message services for mobile computers. Those with data connections (fusions, unions and junctions for communication) to the Internet correspond with electronic mail and instant messaging, which benefit from privacy and security (developed at technical and informational cooperatives) with cryptographic encryption and the immediacy of quasi-synchrony in conversation and communication. Extensions of these systems include audio (audition, sound and voice over Internet Protocol with electroacoustic transducers) and video (simultaneous vision by the images and projections of a camera and screen) telephony. Internet Protocol consists of connections from origins to the addresses of destinations that direct and expedite packet structures (encapsulations of information, or data telegrams and segments) from host (as a client or peer) to the media in the retiform network (reticulum, reticule, rete, or reticulation as a diffuse system and structure of liaisons, ligations, ligatures and ligaments). Other levels of this conceptual abstraction of the functions and services (i.e., the model of the Open Systems Interconnection) includes the applications (processes and programmes that create and communicate data in interface methods of the host, translative presentations as transduction, codification, compression, conversion, transformation, serialisation and encryption, and interactive sessions as interchanges and exchanges), the transport (the multiplex Transmission Control Protocol for the communication of the hosts), the enlaces (as frames or tramae in the access of the medium as immediately adjacent nodes connected to the physical), and physical (the transmission and reception of symbolic bits or bhitta with mechanical, electrical and optical aspects of the media). Nodes may be either decentralised computers that are peers (coequal, equipotent and non-hierarchal) or a centralised distribution with a central (principal or capital) node with peripheral (subsidiary, auxiliary or ancillary) accessories. In this system there is a head leader (host, client, parent, primary, chief, initiator, director, dominator, precursor, provider, major, superior, controller or producer) that moderates (administrates or regulates) the conduct of a follower (vassal, servant, serf, secondary, imitator, pursuer, assistant, procurer, user, minor, inferior, adjutant or consumer).
Telecommunication systems make extensive use of modulators and demodulators that encode and decode information (data) in the transmission of signals carried over a medium to receivers. Optical fibre cables, which are highly reliable, carry wavelength-division multiplexed digital data such as telephone, Internet and private data traffic. These optical lines and electrical Ethernet (named after the luminiferous aether previously postulated to exist as an omnipresent, passive medium for the propagation of electromagnetic undulations or "waves") cables have replaced contorted pairs and coaxial cables of metallic copper in long or far distance computer interconnections. Ethernet technology are commonly used in local and metropolitan area networks that interconnect at exchange points, or national and neutral access junction that distributes content. Submarine communications cables carry nearly the entirety of transoceanic data traffic. Compared to satellites, submarine communication cables have lower latency and higher frequency of modulation. Dissimilar to terrestrial and aerial broadcasting, this form uses a "dish" (or a parabolic antenna similar to a "scuttle") to receive transmitted signals from satellites (not cables or towers). The Atlantean Union Telecommunications Satellite Intergovernmental Organisation coordinates in administration with the ITU and Atlantean Space Agency (ASA) for radio frequencies and orbital locations for the AU member states. As an organisation, the ASA applies, executes and exercises technical science for telecommunications in addition to cosmonautic missions and astronomic operations with the cooperation and coordination of spatial transportation, communication, exploration and observation.
Superseding the optical telegraph (telecommunication of signals and messages with a system of semaphores, telescopes and stations), the electrical telegraph transmitted and received codes (telegrams, telegrammes or telegraphemes) using these cables and radio. The international telegraph code of symbolic signs or characters (Latin alphabet letters, Arabic numerals and punctuation marks encoded as sequences of two different signal durations, where three "·" or "." equal one "−" or "_", that are separated by temporal space of multiples of one point) are regulated by the ITU in radiotelegraphic communications by electric current, radio or visible (optic) light. Telegraphy was a precocious demonstration of electrical engineering, in anticipation of technical progress and electrical advancement in the modern information era. Distinct from the remote interface of operators and manipulators, telepresence combined telephony and telegraphy. Communication satellites, instead, are used in television and some telephony. Considered vital to the national economy, Atlantean telecom corporations build and operate these trans-Pacific and trans-Atlantic systems connecting the continent of Atlantis to the rest of the world. Telephony was advanced by Alexander Graham Bell, Antonio Meucci and Elisha Gray. A manufacturer of telephones is named for Lars Magnus Ericsson (the founder of company that is similarly notable as that of Gerard Philips, who is related by family to Karl Marx). The use of sinusoidal dual-tone multi-frequency signals for digits and codes (letters and symbols) with a matrix of harmonic superposition surpassed the train of continuous current (im)pulses with a modulation and repetition of frequency (reciprocal of period as duration) for numbers at telephonic "central" commutators or interrupters by operators of a systemic service. Novan Telecom built ("basted" or "bouned") normal, nodal and structural cloisters ("unities") for servers that conjoin, disjoin (commute or interrupt) and actuate (activate or stimulate, not passivate) routes, or initiate, repeat and terminate signals.
In the transition to digital terrestrial television, DVB has replaced the LAP (line of alternate phase ) analogue system of broadcast for colour television. The terrestrial DVB (and the DAB) system utilises coded orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (digital modulation where subcarrier signals within a communication channel are mutually orthogonal), which possesses common characteristics with the method of diffuse, proliferate and ample spectrum for the variable evasion of frequency developed by George Antheil and Hedwig "Hedy" Kiesler and alluded to by Nikola Tesla and Jonathan Zenneck (who improved the cathode ray tube or CRT for the oscilloscope or oscillograph) in radio telegraphy (invented by Guglielmo Marconi and Karl Ferdinand Braun, with developments by Charles Wheatstone and Ernst Werner von Siemens, whilst the first electromagnetic telegraph was invented by Gauss and Wilhelm Weber and funded by Alexander von Humboldt). Tesla constructed a plant (tower, station and electrical laboratory with dispositive equipment, e.g. generators and transformers, for experiments) on Long Island for telephonic and telegraphic messages, and energy transfer using the Earth (terrestrial lithosphere and celestial atmosphere) to conduct the signals. Compare this to the electrostatic generator that accumulates electric charge in induction to create a high electric potential with a low unidirectional current as a subatomic particle accelerator (succeeded by an electrodynamic, cyclic and circular, not linear, accelerator of electromagnetic induction). The LAP system was designed such that the its 50 fields per second coincided with the 50 Hz (cycles per second) frequency of mains electricity supply. Fields are interlaced line pairs of half-resolution images that uses the persistence of vision to maximise motion perception (double temporal resolution at the expense of spatial resolution) with a transmission signal bandwidth constraint. Since film in cinema is recorded at 24 images (photographs) per second, a the velocity of the film is accelerated to the 25 images per second of the LAP system. Picture content of an image is carried in 576 of 625 horizontal lines (vertical resolution).
The interlacing was designed for CRT screens. CRTs (with thermic filaments and segments, not a point-matrix of palettes, pastilles or discs) are tubular valves that control electric current, accelerate electrons from the cathode to the anode (plate) in the emission of ions or charge, and direct the ray to a luminescent detector by an applied field caused by electric potential difference or tension. These tubes were used for amplification, rectification and multiplication until being superseded by semiconductors (solid-state electronics such as FETs). Because these monitors (as screens or scherms) are composed of digital and discrete picture elements (pixels or points whose numeral quantity is dependent on the resolution per physical metre), liquid crystal screens, light emitting diodes (LEDs), plasma panels, and digital light projectors only support progressive scanning. Deinterlacing must be applied for conversion, although this causes artefacts with objects in motion. The luminescent illumination of phosophor that is used in screens is related in technology to the ionised gas (plasma) between the electrodes of an electric discharge lamp (a tube, bulb, globe or ampoule of glass composed of silicon dioxide and boron trioxide) that emits a spectrum of electromagnetic radiation in the transition of an electron and the emission of a photon. The chromatic colour produced depends upon atomic structure, current density and the pressure of the gas, which is a physical mixture of helium, neon, argon, krypton, xeon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and the vapours of water (dihydrogen monoxide), mercury (hydrargyrum), sodium (natrium) and carbon dioxide. The chemical luminescence of phosphorous in oxidation is not the result of phosphorescence or fluorescence. The LAP signal is encoded with a quadrature amplitude modulated (QAM) subcarrier frequency that carries the colour (chrominance with two difference component vectors that alternative in rotation of phase by a quarter of a period, where error results in the modification of chromatic saturation) information added to the monochromatic (luminance as a weighted function of the RGB colourspace) video signal to form a composite video baseband signal. The modulated audio radio frequency (RF) signal carrier is separate. Oscillators produce periodic and electronic signals for radio transmitters. Signal frequency modulation in radiotelephony and radiotelegraphy (as a type of angle modulation like phase modulation of a message m(t) = A(t) cos(ωt+ Φ(t)) for cosine cos, amplitude A(t), phase Φ(t, circular and angular velocity ω = 2πf of periodic carrier frequency f) is the contrast of amplitude modulation (encoded by an oscillator) and the continuous alternation of sinusoids with a bandwidth of a spectrum perturbed by electromagnetic interference. The heterodyne (with a product of a difference and a sum using a trigonometric identity by in a nonlinear function; cf. the homodyne, which is not dual) "mixer" (modulator of multiplex multiplication) is used in a process of oscillation, filtration and amplification.
The volume of three-dimensional space with x, y and z (or i, j and k) coordinates is represented as an analogous volumetric picture element with a numeric quantity in the visualisation and imagination of the vision and images computer graphics. A hologramme of holography (whole description and picture) is a reproduced and reconstructed virtual image of an object. It is a photographic registration of a light field (not an image formed by a lens in photography) as the interference (constructive and destructive superposition dependent on phase, which is distinct from polarity) of the propagation of light (coherent optical illumination and reference with an exposure of the object surface equal to the product of duration and illuminance or luminous flux per unit area, different from luminance or luminous intensity per unit area) that forms major, minor or equal amplitude in the diffraction from an obstacle or aperture. This encodes variations in the opacity, density or surface profile of the photographic medium. It is a three-dimensional image with visual profundity (not the illusion), parallax and perspective that represent the object viewed from different angles of vision. The physicist and electrical engineer Dennis Gábor (né Dénes Günszberg) invented the process. The illusion (conception in cognition from optical perception, stimulation and sensation) of profundity (distance of extension between an object and a subject in a scene) is the result of impression and interpretation in the systematic process of stereopsis, or the recognition, reconstruction and representation of structures in real space with spatial dimensions as visual forms (information) and images (imagination). Observations from monocular (monoscopic) and binocular (stereoscopic) vision that contribute to this illusion. They respectively include angular displacement (relative and apparent expansion of the ocular diameter or aperture), linear perspective (the central projection with a graphic centre where parallel lines converge at infinity, which is distinct from parallel or axonometric perspective where the two-dimensional plane projection of the three-dimensional, geometric and affine space is either orthogonally orthographic or oblique with an infinite focal distance) and occultation, and retinal disparity (from the horizontal separation of the retinas), convergence (or divergence, as a simultaneous axial rotation in opposite horizontal or vertical orientations of the visual field or field of vision) and triangulation from parallax (the apparent difference in the position, or relative motion with kinetic velocity and direction, at different visual axes of the observer that is measured by the subtended semi-angle of inclination).
The traditional aspect ratio of film in photography is 3:2 (1.5:1, which is typical for a reflex camera with a unique objective optical lens), whereas 4:3 (1.333...:1) and 16:9 (1.777...:1) are used in videography and television. The 5:3 (1.666...:1) proportion is common in cinematography. Most computer screens have an aspect ratio of 16:10 (1.6:1, in order to approximate 1.618...:1 of a golden rectangle). Dioptric (not catoptric) anamorphosis, an affine transformation of the graphic projection and representation of images by the deformation and distortion of lenses, is used with a format of optic (photographic, cinematographic and videographic) film where dimensional perforations provide reference for transport and the location of exposure by a camera. The ABU recommends that progressive scans at 1080 pixel lines of vertical resolution (image definition in the rational aspect relation or proportion) are used in video production in the DVB norm. The digital versatile disc (DVD), a 120 mm (millimetre) diameter optical disc, was designed for the LAP video norm with audio channels encoded with linear pulse code modulation (LPCM) with digital signed values of 16- or 24-bits per sample (a "muster" or "champion") at a sampling rate of 44.1, 96, or 192 kHz. In comparison to five spatial audio channels, digital audio compact discs (CDs) are limited to two channels and 16-bit samples at 44.1 kHz (cf. to the Nyquist–Shannon frequency of 40 kHz for audible 20 kHz signals). These digital (optical in addition to magnetic) discs and semiconductor memories supplanted phonographic polyvinyl chloride disks and magnetic bands of ochre (ferric or iron oxides) contained in a cassette. General Electric, with its Apollo mark of physical and real (actual for the virtual as material for the ideal) objects in the music industry, introduced compact disc (CD) recordings as a digital optical disc data storage format that was a feat of electronics and information theory. The video and audio of a DVD can also be compressed with the MPEG code encoder and decoder in a base media file format (container). The colour (wavelength) of the laser diode used to read an optical disc determines the density (minimum or minimal length of pit cavities, a dense or tight quantity) of information retained as data in the material medium of the memory. The CD and DVD use 780 nm and 650 nm (nanometre) lasers (with one also in the visible light spectrum that is 405 nm, thus permitting greater density). Audio CDs contain non-compressed data. Price discrimination through regional or continental codes (access control with encryption for geographic regions or topographic areas by a protective and exclusive licence) is prohibited in the international distribution of content.
Error correction codes (ECC) are used to control for errors in communication channels with contamination or corruption of noise (nuisance). The transmitter encodes the message with redundant information in the form of a ECC such that the redundancy permits the receiver to detect and correct for the errors. The mathematician Richard Hamming invented this ECCs as error control (detection and correction). It may be applied to a digital stream of binary data or to the demodulation of a digital carrier (as a part of the analogue-to-digital conversion). The redundancy (the opposite of ambiguity) reduces the effective number of bits per unit of time, whilst it augments the effective signal-to-noise relation of power. The theorem for a discrete (not continuous) channel without memory by Claude Shannon defines the channel capacity C as the supremum for the possibilities of the marginal probability distribution function PX(x) for the encoded sequence X with n symbols of signal or message (where the conjoined probability distribution PX, Y(x, y) is the product of the conditional probability distribution PY | X(x | y) and PX(x) for a decoded sequence Y with n symbols) of the mutual information of the binary aleatory variables X and Y). The maximum (maximal limit) of the bit-rate realisable is the C / (1 − Hb(p) for the binary entropy function Hb(p) = −[p log2 p + (1 − p) log2 (1 − p)] where P(X = 1) = p in a binomial Bernoulli process. One class of ECCs (BCH codes) is named for Raj Chandra Bose, Dwijendra Kumar Ray-Chaudhuri, and Alexis Hocquenghem (a Francisation of the German Hockenheim, and the father of the queer theorist Guy Hocquenghem). The frequency of symbols or pulses in (tele)communication and modulation with a data channel (transmission medium of a signal or function that is a representation information) of continuous (analogue, infinite and real variables analogous to another physical signal that varies with time) and discrete (discontinuous, finite and digital sequence of quantities or binary digits) values is named for Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot.
The ITU publishes ISO and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) norms in the information technology field. Related to the audio and video coding format named the Moving Picture Expert Group (MPEG) that was adopted in digital audio and video broadcasting transmission norms, the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) committee was created by the ISO, IEC, ITU and the Atlantean Computer Fabricant Association (ACFA) to maintain irreversible compression digital image norms based on the discrete cosine transform (DCT). The DCT, related to the discrete (compared to the continuous and discrete-time) Fourier transform (FT) computed by the fast Fourier transform algorithm, is a data compression technique used in digital signal processing (DSP). A variant of the DCT uses wavelets (a calque of ondelette as a brief oscillation of amplitude) such that it is adequate for the representation of transient elements. The DSP compression (coding) algorithms were developed by the telecommunications industry, and by engineers in the General Electric Labs, the Federal Polytechnic University, the Technion, and the NIL at NUT. Online streaming (as buffe(t)s or tampons to "telecharge" and "televerse" laden loads) facilitated by the augmentation of the bandwidth of Internet service and the memory of personal computers has caused the decline of the use of tangible media. The Internet meliorates interconnectivity with its electronic, informatic and cybernetic media. Norms for the WWW are established by the organisation named the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C, with director Joseph "Joey" Abadi-Corradini, who was its inventor whilst a researcher at CARN) located at the NUT, the birthplace (origin of creation) of the Internet, a global telecommunications grid. This reticulate net (German: Netz, Italian: rete, rezza, sartia; Spanish: red, jarcia; Catalan xarxa; Portuguese and Galician: rede; French: réseau, rets; Dutch: net) has changed the world.
Shannon-Turing (ST) is known for its electroacoustic transducers (electrostatic and dynamic microphones analogous to the macrophones or reproducers) that convert electrical audio signals to sound, its electronic audio amplifiers that augment the potency of processed (reproduced and transduced) signals, its scientific calculators that are programmable with the prefix, suffix or infix notation with operators preceding, succeeding or interceding operands in operations (affixed with or without parenthesis, not a function in relation and quantification for arithmetic and logic), its ultrasonic transducers with an intense focus (focal point or axis for transduction or conversion of electrical energy as dynamic acoustic pressure in transmission and reception as a deviation from static atmospheric pressure of the ambient equilibrium, where the total is the sum of local and global pressures and the intensity is the product of the deviant pressure and the velocity of a particle or fluid in the medium), its electronic oscilloscopes for measurements and instruments, its electronic functional generators (for digital and analogue functions), its signal and impedance analysers, its servers for user access of the Internet, its electrostatic injection and pigmentation systems (printers, xerographic photocopiers and digital image scanners), and its computer game systems (platforms, consoles, and controllers). These computer games are developed and published as created and designed aural and visual (audio and video, or of perceptible audition and vision in perception for conception and imagination) programmes for computers. Parallelism permits the visual processing of these systems of electronic, photonic and atomic technics, in addition to computer-assisted design (CAD, also the acronym for computer-aided diagnosis) for fabric, electric and mechanic physics. CAD in technical drawing and draughting uses graphic and geometric computer programmes to depict objects, i.e. components and pieces as curves, figures, surfaces and solids in space with the materials, chemicals, processes, dimensions, and tolerances of their structures). It is used for the design, manufacture and conception (creation, modification, optimisation and automation) of fabrication and construction by economic industries (industrial factors and sectors). These graphic and numeric systems of computers and calculators (for computation and calculation) is attributed to the invention and innovation of Heinz Joseph Gerber. It has facilitated the use of (im)printed circuits instead of point-to-point construction (connection and collection) of files, traces, tracks, treks, pads, paths, courses, bases, terms, stations, trains, spoors, boards, rails and bars in electronic apparatuses (elements, equipments, components, implements and instruments).
Apricot Computer, besides its graphic user interface between human and machine (with fenestral apertures or windows to processes, accessed through icons with cursor or pointer and tasted as visual text with the command of a clavicular theca, dactylic type, and table scribe of mechanical knobs and manual buttons), is notable for its microcomputer system integrated with a central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU), and digital, analogue, and radio signal processing functions. The "clavier" includes "keys" or "clefs" for alphabetic, numeric and symbolic characters, spaces, tabulation, interruption, alternation (minuscule to majuscule letters), directions (cardinal fletches of directivity), and cancellation (eradication, elimination and suppression). The "return" controls the cursor (of entry for insertion, not a pointer for indication) to a new inferior line (not a new page or form) relative to the superior current line, which differs from the "enter" for command functions and processes. This nomenclatures originates from the "script machines" of mechanical interrupters (commutators), carriages, types and prints to scribe and shrive. The symbol (⌘, a node designed from a hypotrochoid) is used for commands in applications as combinations for modifications. With an applicative interface of programmes (applications), SunOS uses an interface of the portable operative system (for operation and exploitation) that conforms to common norms for informatic technics, and systematic compatibility, transferability or transportability. Semiconductors (fabricated in lithography with masks and photosensitive material) such as transistors have augmented the computational velocity of processors. Computations in CPUs are serial processes (programmes or ensembles of sequences, operations and executions of instructions) and threads (segments of processes of a common space, state, memory, register, address and data). CPUs have separate control units per core, whilst GPUs have a common control unit for its thread processors. The ensemble (joint or group) of instructions as an architecture (where microarchitecture is the implementation and computer organisation in the processor) of the digital circuit is the basic and fundamental operations that the CPU can execute. Apricot advanced a reduced (simplex, not complex) architecture. The control unit of the core directs the flow or the operation of the mathematical arithmetic and combinational logic unit (integers and binary digits), which reserves the results of its calculations in registers, intermediate cache and prime (principal) memory. The frequency oscillation as the periodic pulse signals of the external clock determines the synchronous execution of sequential instructions. The period or cycle is greater than the maximal time for the total propagation of internal signals to mitigate latency (inhibition and retardation). Execution units include functional units. GPUs are able to compute floating point (a radix virgule, e.g. in decimal or binary numbers, positioned relative for the significant digits or ciphers of integers) numeric notation (with a significand, exponent and base) and matrix arithmetic. They have multiple units for data processing (arithmetic and logic) of elements and threads, which reduces the necessity for the quantity of caches and control units. Designed for computer graphics, GPUs consist of multiprocessors of parallel threads for pixels and vertices.
The format of "packets" (archives of files and codes) for a distribution (of compositions, constructions, productions and publications for consumption by the passive private person) from a repository contain contributions (versions and editions) and applications (functions and conditions of directions and executions for processes in the operative system). The virtual emulation of consoles with terminal emulators of limited graphics (where digits by analogy are dialogue) use monospace (fixed, typical, not proportional letters of constructed artificial language, i.e. not a natural language) typefaces in the tabulation of data as documents and programmes of literal and numeral text. Apricot Computer developed a format for computer founts (digital typefaces with weights, styles, proportions and dimensions) that structures the design of typographic glyphs or characters as parametric curves or vectors. The design of scalable vector graphics is combined with phonograph, photograph, audio and video editing (revision and edition) programmes. Combined, these systems are a textual processor that produces documents for preparation, transduction and communication from a treatment of pure "brute text" of a descriptive marking language. It results in technical separation of formal aspect (visual presentation) from textual content (auctorial information) with a programmable editorial process that formats a logical structure. A page description language permits the use of a format of a portable and extensible document (of text and images) for composition, impression, information and interpretation that is independent of the dispositive. The Safari (from the Arabic سَفَر or safar meaning "caravan voyage, excursion, trajectory") navigator and observer programme accesses the WWW in the experience of its media and text. As an application programme, it renders (illustrates, formats, paints, depicts, describes, exhibits, represents, interprets, transduces, transforms and translates) the marking language and style of hypertext documents—inspired by the HyperCard and the HyperScript of Apricot Computer—for private the user with an interface noted for minimalism and functionality.
A spirit of overt code and collaboration is common. Apricot associated with the NBC to produce the NBC Owl as a public educational tool (utensil) for the algorithm implementation of Python programming language in the computer science of informatics and cybernetics. It served as the foundation of a computational system of algebra for analysis and synthesis in experimentation by engineers and scientists. Its algorithmic mathematics includes a "note book" or a manuscript cahier (quire, which is one-twentieth of a ream) for interactive computation of mathematics (numerics, geometrics, symbolics, graphics, statistics, combinatorics, and infinitesimal, differential and integral calculus). The origin of "algorithm" is the Persian mathematician, geographer, and astronomer al-Khwarizmi or الخوارزمي who invented algebra (from Arabic الْجَبْر or al-jabr for "reunion" as in the Arab tribe Jabara, from jubur or جُبُور and jabr or جَبْر for "compel, force, coerce", with origins in Arabia Felix, i.e. neither Deserta nor Petraea, in the qaḥṭ or قَحْط, for "drought, dry, arid, sec", that is separate from Sabaʾ, ḥaḍramawt or حَضْرَمَوْت and maʿīn or معين) and from whose name descended the Spanish guarismo and Portuguese algarismo for a positional and decimal "digit". Unics (an evolution of the Universal Net, Information and Computer Services developed at General Electric Labs, and after the castrated eunuchs that were chamberlains or functionary servants to the court) is a computer operative system with a modular minimalist design (extended as functional form), concurrent process execution, command line scripts, text archive and command menu interfaces, and hierarchical file system that allocate virtual and journal memory space as a tabular archive or directory to data. This operative system, SunOS, is represented with an emblem as a rotationally symmetric ambigram of "sun" (in the style of the industrial designer Raymond Loewy). Linus Torvalds created a kernel similar to Unics (symbolised by a penguin in the style of Aardman Animation Studios, which is a portmanteau of "aardvark" and "overman"). The kernel is nucleus of the operative system for the communication of a component programme with a dispositive apparatus and the administration of resources and recourses. The assembly of the operative system, specific to the memory data registers and processor instruction operations of the computer architecture, was written in the Solaris programming language (normalised by ISO and IEEE, and with derived languages including Sol, Luna, Terra, Schema and Lambda in multiple paradigms of programming, where the latter two were influenced by the mathematic and philosophic calculus based on Frege of Al(f)onso "Al" Capone Iglesias that, like Turing, demonstrated the impossibility of an algorithm for the resolution of the Entscheidungsproblem by Hilbert) with its data types (which are distinct from the abbreviated optional variable usage types of informatics used with subsequent medial capitals in an alternative convention of names instead a horizontal line, ray, trait, tear or guide) and structures (vectors, matrices, lists, sequences, graphs, and objects). The base level language of assembly is distinguished from the high level language in its abstraction of instructions for implementation, with the principal formal system of logic (a calculus of plans as the mathematic mechanics and arithmetic technics of architects) for a computer (automatic machine of Turing as a programmable calculator for algebras and algorithms) invented by Konrad Ernst Otto Zuse.
New London is a centre of media broadcasting. It resolves to realise the liberal ideal of free speech and open society with the individual, political and social call, "If liberty means anything at all, it means the right to tell people what they do not want to hear" (from a preface related to the short allegorical novel and satirical fable Animal Farm on political revolution, whilst its successor is a futurist and "Orwellian" dystopia of permanent and perpetual war for global hegemony, oppression and repression by a secret police, mass vigilance by the government, propagation of historical negation as a false distortion and manipulation in interpretation and revision, internment in prison for the execution of incarceration and extermination, and a cult of personality in a totalitarian state and authoritarian regime that is temporally placed in 1984 CE or 11684 HE). The sceptical author Orwell was compared by friends his character of Benjamin (the temperamental ass of the intelligentia whose sole friend is Boxer, the laborious and industrious horse). Orwell created a fictitious language of Newspeak for a regime that is similar to the ideological and political contractions (syllabic abbreviations) of a lingua imperii (cf. this to that of the adolescent and pubescent humans aged with the suffix "-teen" or Slavic -nast / -nact as a cardinal, natural, integral and numeral "ten"). The NBC declares "nation shall speak [the verity of justice and] peace unto nation" in expression (publication and production).
The federal charter of the NBC prohibits or interdicts the corporation from banning or censuring songs for obscene or profane content and language (expressly and explicitly permitting no justifications, exceptions, qualifications or reservations). These may include (in a logical relation or intersection of conjunction) expletives, which are insignificant (semantically null in significance) in a sentence of expression that indicate grammatical time, emphasise "tone" (the vocal character of "voice", not the phonetic, phonic, acoustic, tonic and sonic "sound"), and contribute to the meter of verse (language with its rhythm, dissimilar to prose). The explicit (denotative) and implicit (connotative) depiction pictures and sounds of sexuality (relations in society that include transgression, depravation, prostitution, conjugal infidelity, and sexual activity, promiscuity and nudity), anticonformity, immorality, irregularity, illegality, criminality, profanity and obscenity are permitted in ideal discourse (with its topics, themes, arguments, subjects, objects, projects, and hypocritical types, agonists, actors, personages, agents and patients) as vulgar and popular reflections of reality (a real dialectic of verity and falsity, and the actual and the virtual). Media of vision and audition are an important part of Novan arts and culture. The home of the "Neeb Beeb Ceeb" (a name created by Peter Sellers) simultaneously provides public service broadcasting to millions of people across NL, and to a greater mondial one. With its iconic Art Deco design, the NBC Broadcasting House unites its News, Radio, Television and Online services into one central New London headquarters (HQ) to provide the most advanced digital broadcast and production centre in the world. The Broadcasting House is the NBC's grandest creative hub in NL, generating more live (vivant or direct) production than any other NBC site to provide better and more integrated content and services for its audiences, spectators and observers. Secondary to Broadcasting House (located on Portland Place, which connected to Regent Street), the Television Centre (TVC) is a circular production studio that records scenes and broadcasts (like the energy of solar Helios) the audio and video as electromagnetic emission, radiation and diffusion through the mundane air and spacetime of the world. In New York, 30 Rockefeller Plaza has been a tertiary location of broadcasting. Similar to the global (federal), local NBC broadcasting centres exist in commercial and provincial (principal and capital) cities.
