The French Third Republic

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La Troisième République française (In English: The French Third Republic), or as it is more commonly known as, simply France is a Semi-Presidential Republic located in Continental Western Europe and the island of Corsica, and many islands and territories across the world, the most sizable being the almost uninhabited archipelago of Archipel Kerguelen, or in English the Kerguelen Archipelago. It borders Switzerland, Germany and Italy to the East, Luxembourg and Belgium to the North-East, and Spain to the South. France in addition shares a Maritime Border with the United Imperium of Svenska-Britannia, namely the Island of Great Britain, Guernsey, Jersey, Wright and other smaller landmasses to the North.
The French Third Republic's capital city is Paris, and is in addition the largest city of the Republic...

However, if including the entirety of the Les pays de l'Union coopérative du monde français, the name given to the loose French Colonial holdings in Africa, The Levant, New Caledonia, Reunion Island and more, the largest city of the entire French Realm is in actuality Algiers, in the Le Territoire gouvernemental de l'Algérie, otherwise colloquially known as Algeria.
The Les pays de l'Union coopérative du monde français is the official name of the French Realm, and translates to The Cooperative Union Countries of the French World in English, and in total includes 14 nations, such as Le Territoire gouvernemental de l'Algérie, Le gouvernement insulaire de Nouvelle-Calédonie (In English: The Island Government of New Caledonia), Le territoire gouvernemental de la Haute-Volta (In English: The Governmental Territory of Upper Volta) and Le gouvernement insulaire de la Réunion (In English: The Island Government of Reunion). The nations of the Les pays de l'Union coopérative du monde français are represented on the international world by La Troisième République française, which also holds some small influence over the other nations in a Paternal manner, however leaving most local affairs and governmental policy to the respective nation.

France is a nation with millennia of proud history and culture, and the Capital City of La Troisième République française, Paris is sometimes called the Cultural Capital of the World, though the Svenska-Britannic city of London challenges this claim...
Like the United Imperium of Svenska-Britannia, La Troisième République française is highly advanced in terms of technology. It controls it's own Space Force, the Le L'exploration et la défense spatiales coopération (In English: The space exploration and defense cooperation), or otherwise shorterned to LDSC for convenience, operating even Warships, and a single Mothership. (See information below)

Etymology

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France is not the first name that was given to the lands it inhabits... The earliest, factually confirmed name given to the modern territory the La Troisième République française was Gaul, or rather Gallia in the Latin Language, originating from the citizens and leaders of the ancient Roman Republic, and Empire.
In actuality, Gallia was inhabited with hundreds, perhaps thousands of Celtic tribes, which all had their own people, motivations and the like... A common consensus of what the lands they called home was never made official, and as such France's oldest name is the Exonym given to them by the Romans.

The next name given to the territories of France originated sometime after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, in the 8th century A.D, of which the power vacuum left behind allowed new civilisations to form in the once occupied Western Roman lands.
A unified land in much of Modern Day La Troisième République française, that existed from the middle years of the 700's was ruled by a 'King of the Franks'. The nation would eventually be referred to as Francia, and eventually as West Francia... As such, Francia was perhaps the most common name given to the territories of France from the 700's and for much of the Dark Ages. Eventually, when Charles the Great hugely expanded Francia's lands into much of Modern day Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Italy and formed the Carolingian Empire, Francia also referred to German, Swiss and Italian lands in addition.

There is no significant evidence for where the Kingdoms across Francia began referring to themselves as 'France'... However, it may be theorized that in 1315, under the French King of Louis X was perhaps the first recorded instance of the lands being known as France, as the aforementioned King had proclaimed that: "France signifies freedom".

History

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The history of the French Third Republic, and the lands that France calls home now is rich, ancient and impressive... France may well claim the nation with the most battles of which it had emerged victorious from, though that claim is indeed contested by Svenska-Britannia

To gain a complete understanding of France's great history, it is recommended that one refer to an Official, complete overview of the history of France...

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Geography

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La Troisième République française is a country within the Continent of Europe, bordering the Atlantic Ocean to the West, the English Channel to the North, and the Mediterranean sea in the South. Metropolitan France, the name given to the Third Republic's mainland located on the European peninsula has a wide range of different biomes...

In the South-East of the country, The cold Alpine Mountain range, on the border with the Kingdom of Italy and the Swiss Republic, and around the City of Geneva is a cold, mountainous region that dominates the landscape from the East of France, through Switzerland and the small microstate of Liechtenstein, plenty of Austria and even towards and into Slovenia.
In Metropolitan France, chances are that the Alpine region has the potential to be the coldest place in the Metropolitan France... The Commune known as Chamonix-Mont-Blanc became the location for the first Winter Olympics, in 1924...

The further west or north that one travels through Metropolitan France, the less mountainous the landscape gets... La Troisième République française is known geographically as a land of pristine Plains, and green rolling hills... This is indeed true for the countryside, though it is important to note that much of the landscape is also dominated by farms, and country Communes and towns, which serve as a traditionalist juxtaposition to the advanced metropolises of Paris, Marseilles, Bordeaux, Nantes and Lille-Roubaix.

One might be surprised by the hidden gems that the natural lands of France can offer... What represents an arid desert, the 'Grande Dune du Pilat' exists in the La Teste-de-Buch commune, against the Atlantic Ocean to the West... Though only 500m wide, and 2.7km long, it is the only desert-esque region within the French nation, discluding the addition of the Colonial Alliance members of the 'Les pays de l'Union coopérative du monde français', as in that case the Sahara Desert would be the largest desert in the French Sphere.

Metropolitan France is home to many landscapes, discluding what is mentioned above... For instance, large forests juxtapose against the flat Plains in many French regions. There are a few rocky and stony landscapes, sprawling cave systems and perhaps some of the most beautiful beaches and coastal towns.
Naturally, this list would end up much longer if one was to talk about the Colonial Commonwealths of the French Realm, and that shall be avoided... In official pages and national overviews of the 'Gouvernements territoriaux' that La Troisième République française are in an alliance with, geographical descriptions of their lands will most likely be provided.

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La Troisième République française does control one major overseas territory, in terms of total landmass... Deep in the Indian Ocean, in Antarctic conditions lies the Archipel Kerguelen... 6,431km south-south west from the island of Sri Lanka.
Whilst the Alpine Region may be the coldest average region in Metropolitan France, Archipel Kerguelen is perhaps colder, or at the very least looks it. The average temperature in the Archipelago is 4.9 °C, and can reach a low of -5.6 °C in the most cold times... Kerguelen has, and most likely never will record a temperature colder than what was recorded in Mouthe, Doubs in 1985, the coldest temperature recorded in French territories at a extreme −41 °C.

Demographics

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La Troisième République française, as a sovereign state, independent of the French Sphere is currently the fourth most populous country in the continent of Europe, behind the Die Bundesrepublik Deutschland (In French: La République fédérale d'Allemagne) (In English: The Federal Republic of Germany), Svenska-Britannia (In French: L'Imperium uni de Suède et de Grande-Bretagne) (In Swedish: Sveriges och Storbritanniens enade imperier) and the Соединенные Штаты России. (In French: Les États-Unis de Russie) (In English: The United States of Russia)

The current (Estimated) population of the French Third Republic reads as 80,835,000 individuals. With inclusion of the 'Les pays de l'Union coopérative du monde français' colonial and alliance member nations, of whom may or may not claim to be 'French', the number is raised to an (Estimated) population of 308,337,000 individuals, making France the third largest country in terms of population in the world, though that number fails to ignore the many 'Democratic Colonial Commonwealths' that are under Svenska-Britannic control.

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France is perhaps one of the most diverse countries linguistically, ethnically and nationally in Europe, perhaps behind the aforementioned United Imperium of Svenska-Britannia, and above Die Bundesrepublik Deutschland, El Estado español (In French: L'État espagnol) (In English: The Spanish State) and Türkiye Cumhuriyeti (In French: La République de Turquie) (In English: The Republic of Turkey).
Naturally, from having extremely strong overseas connections to the members of the 'Les pays de l'Union coopérative du monde français', Metropolitan France holds a many North and West Native Africans, Syrians and Lebanese individuals...

Though exact numbers cannot be provided at this current time, it is predicted that these are the main French citizens of which do not claim Metropolitan or Archipel Kerguelen ethnicity is as follows:

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Government

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La Troisième République française is a country that falls under the political structure of Semi-Presidential Republic. As can be hinted, this means that the French Third Republic has not had an imperial or royal family in control of the country since the early months of 1871, with the end of the Second Empire admist the crushing defeat France suffered from the hands of the Prussian Nation (Reformed into the German Empire in Versailles)...

The Third Republic has a President, who has the important role of appointing next to all Governmental members, including any Prime Minister.
The President of the French Third Republic is also the Commander-In-Chief of the Armed Forces of France, and officially handles any issue in colonial administration, and though the 'Gouvernements territoriaux' are mostly independent, given the liberty to elect their own Prime Ministers or the equivalent, run local law in the territory and mostly represent themselves, and their country on the international stage, the leaders of the 'Gouvernements territoriaux' swear some manner of loyalty to the President of France... This allows any PM or equivalent of the 'Gouvernements territoriaux' to be held accountable for their actions by the President of France, which can help especially to prevent corruption and the breaking of international law within the members of the 'Les pays de l'Union coopérative du monde français'...

In order to be admitted as an official candidate, potential candidates must receive signed nominations (known as parrainages, for "sponsors") from more than 500 elected local officials, mostly mayors. These officials must be from at least 30 départements or overseas collectivities, and no more than 10% of them should be from the same département or collectivity. Furthermore, each official may nominate only one candidate.
In addition, for a Presidential Candidate to be made President of France, the majority of PM's or equivalent of the 'Gouvernements territoriaux' must give their permission for the position. This has given the 'Les pays de l'Union coopérative du monde français' an agreeable sway on the Presidency for decades now, which serves to prevent complete French administration over the 'Gouvernements territoriaux'...

The Prime Minister of France is appointed via the current President. The president, theoretically has the free will to appoint whomever he wishes to the post of PM, but in practice it is not that simple, as the National Assembly, and the Sénat has powers to force resignation of the cabinet if circumstances are befitting the situation, and that includes the President. Realistically, this means that the appointment of PM has to reflect a consensus made in the Government... For example, there have been cases throughout the Third Republic that has made it so political opponents to the President and their party has had to been elected to the role of Prime Minister, due to the National Assembly's will, and risk of forced resignation.
Though many Prime Ministers have been elected from the National Assembly, or Sénat, it does not always need to be the case, instead PM's can come from many different roles of Politics if the need arises. The current Prime Minister, Valentin Barrault had been chosen by sir Chevalier from the National Assembly, but there is no true certainty that Barrault's successor has to come from the Assembly, or even the Sénat.

The Prime Minister of France governs the direction of the Government, which by extension means that the PM handles the policy-making, with advice and perhaps even pressure in some cases from the National Assembly or Sénat of the Third Republic of France, and it's citizens. The PM, in a way answers to the National Assembly, and it's wishes... In any potential emergency of power, the Prime Minister can pass bills and policy in "his/her responsibility of his or her Government before the National Assembly". In such a case, either Article 49 is passed automatically, allowing the Prime Minister to make their decision, or the National Assembly 'overthrows' the Government.
The PM has many other national responsibilities, but unlike the President of France, does not hold any power within the governing of the 'Les pays de l'Union coopérative du monde français', and the leaders of the 'Gouvernements territoriaux' is not, under any circumstances needed to answer to the Prime Minister.

Foreign Relations

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Economy

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