Polari

Polari is a secret language that was spoken between Novan gay (homosexual) men in the 116th century HE at a time when homosexuality (and its "promotion") was illegal because of the importation and assimilation of Abrahamic religious serf morality (Draconian and Victorian absolutism) that was not common (not inherent) to Palmaism and the Palman civil law of Atlantis. The parliamentary repeal (abrogation, obrogation or revocation) and amendment of criminal law in 11667 decriminalised homosexuality as a sexual offence in the Novan Commonwealth. The general and historical legality of consensual homosexual relations between adults in Atlantis originates a progressive tolerance by civil society. In 11678, Polari was called an "anti-language" because it was used by people beyond normal, conventional and traditional society (conformity) as an "anti-society". It is a cant (a name for slang from the Celtic caint meaning "speech, talk" or Italian cantare meaning "chant, sing") that demonstrates neologisms of the gay (queer) subculture. While the use of Polari has since the 11670s declined, it historically originated in the world of entertainment (divertissement and amusement) of the West End theatres. It afforded a way for those marginalised by society and seen as criminals for existing to communicate without the risk of arrest (detention and prosecution). Cant appears as not intelligible (incomprehensible, incoherent and insignificant) and as nonsense (jargon, lingo, gibberish, malarkey, doodle or baragouin, as in the obfuscation of the obscene or taboo with euphemism, doublethink and newspeak) to the strangers external in alteriority to the internal language of a community (e.g., similar to how Greek or Dutch does to English speakers, or for that matter Arabic in what Spanish, Galician and Portuguese speakers call algarabía, algaravia). Examples include that of the vagrant (and criminal) picaros, rogues, vagabonds and thieves that, in germania, adopted Romani and Yiddish. Similarly with a multinational (international and transnational) culture, the dialect of Novan English in New York lingually adopted Yiddish words (verbal terms or phrases provided in a glossary).

This common and colloquial (vulgar, popular, familiar and vernacular) adoption and strange influence is not unique. The word "chav" entered the modern Novan English lexicon (vocabulary) from Romani (chavo, chal) to signify "guy" or "young man, youth" (compare to the Spanish chaval). The "lollipop" or "lolly", as a hard confection of sugar, originates from the Romani loli (the feminine of the masculine lolo, a cognate of the Persian لال or lâl) for "red" and phabaj for "apple". The Romani (noted as victims of homicidal persecution and extermination in Europe who were granted refuge in Atlantis) are symbolised as an ethnic nation (a Eurocentric idea that groups people and tribes in an imagined social, lingual, cultural and ritual community) by a flame (of mythic music including the zambra from the Arabic زَمَرَ‎ or zamara for "song" of instruments, dances, lyrics or psalms) or a dharmachakra (solar and ocular cartwheel of chakravarti and universal illumination). In historic narrative, Europeans falsely and incorrectly associated the Romani with the Magyars and the Bohemia (Celtic Boii, a transalpine tribe, and Germanic "home"; cf. the family name Boehm or Böhm) region of the Slavic (of the Slovjan or Slowian) ethnic people (ljudije, plural of czeloviek or czelowjek for "human, person") like Moravia and Silesia (notable for Poles and Jews) at the "wild water" and "soil, limit, liminal portal" (prah, prag, prog) that assimilated the Celtic and Germanic populations. These regions were separate from the tolerant real union and elective monarchy by the nobility of an oligarchic class of noble dukes that, as an intermediary system to personal, general and political unions and with a democratic parliament, senate, republic, constitution and institution of (con)federation, was named the "Commonwealth" of Poland and Lietuva, with a Renaissance that produced the astronomer Copernicus and terminated with the reign by the Vasa dynasty from the realm of the Swedes (with Finland integral). The dissolution of the Kalmar Union resulted in the Danmark–Norway monarchy and in this noble house that became extinct with Chirstina Alexandra, or Kristina the academic, catholic, artistic and scientific progeny of the sovereign Gustav Adolf (Gustavus Adolphus Magnus) in the cities of Stockholm (of Protestant Scandinavia and the Hanseatic Baltic) and Göteborg (with canals similar to Dutch Amsterdam), and with an ordained member of the Christian Society of Jesus. The Peace of Westfalia (negotiated in Osnabrück and Münster) was an international treaty for territorial sovereignty subsequent to calamitous and disastrous war between belligerent emperors, princes and dukes.

The Slavs are argued to the be progenitors of the people of Croatia (a region with the Alps of Dinara, or Adrian oros, that are north of Albania and Macedonia and extend as the Hellenic Pindus in the Balkan peninsula, which is named from the Persian, Anatolian and Turkic languages, and noted as Rûm-ėli for "land of the [imperial and Byzantine] Romans" or "Romania", and noted of mythic Haemus from the Thracian or Dacian, for a son of Boreas and a consort of Rhodope). (Similar to Romanic "Ruritania", the fictional nations of Syldavia and Borduria of The Adventures of Tintin are located in this Slavic region with the basis or model of their languages as the Marols or Marollien dialect of les Marolles or de Marollen district of Brussels that was cultivated from the dialect of Brabant and that influenced Arab emirate "Khemed", but not the Atlantean, Novan, Palman and Anadolian pastiche of "Saint Theodora" from Tintin in Atlantis and as an allusion to toreador) The Illyrians and Liburnians populated the region subsequent to the Celts. The Slavic people referred to the Romans as volox or walach (cognates of "Wales", "Walloon" and "Gaul") and the Germans as nemec (for "mute, mumble"). The territory as the Roman Adriatic and coastal province of Illyria (Illyricum with its Greek colonies) or Dalmatia (a region named for a Illyrian tribe of Delmatae as an associate of Histria, Croatia and S(c)lavonia, whereof S(c)lavonic originates for the gentilic of Slav) was conquered by the Germanic Goths. The demonym of Croat, harvat or charwat, probably originates as a tribal name from the Iranian Persian Harauvaiti, or the native name in Scythian and Sarmatian of the Hellenic Ἀραχωσία or Arachōsíā province with a satrap.

This Aryan land was visited by Alexander the Great with a nominal cognate of the Sanskrit Sarasvati in reference to its rivers, lakes and waters. Similarly a river mentioned in the scriptures of the Rigveda, the city of Alexandria founded by Alexander the Great on the river of Hydaspes (Υδάσπης, or in Sanskrit Vitasta) was affixed with the name of Bucephala for his favourite horse. Located in fluvial (riverine and riparian) Punjab and intermontane Kashmir (cf. Kashyapa), the river is a tributary of the Acesines (Ἀκεσίνης or Akesínes from the Sanskrit Asikni, although also known as Chandra Bhaga for "moon dispenser" that as a tributary of the Indus river became Hellenised as Sandrophagos). The river became named water (jala) and snow (hima), or "place of the banner" (جا علم or jâ-e-alam from the Arabic عَلَم or ʿalam, not عِلْم or ʿilm for "science, cognisance") by a Mughal imperial prince (دارا شِکوہ or Dara Shikoh, whose latter name is related to the Persian شکایت or šekâyat from the Arabic شِكَايَة or šikāya for "complaint, lament, malady, problem, dolence, protest(ation), accusation, opposition, objection, remonstration, reclamation, affection", with cognates in French as chicaya, Catalan as xacra, Spanish as achaque, and Italian as acciacco) notable for an intellectual comparison of mystic Sufi and Vedanta philosophies. The warhorse he honoured was Bucephalus (from Βουκέφαλος or Bouképhalos and Βουκεφάλας or Boukephálas, itself from βοῦς or boûs and κεφᾰλή or kephalḗ for "ox-head"), whilst the Buddhists referred to this commercial centre (emporium, from ἐμπόριον or empórion) as Bhadrasva for "auspicious, excellent horse".

The Romani are notable in their culture as nomads with their caravans (vurdona, the plural form of vurdon from the Iranian language of Ossetia in the Caucasus whose people are descendants of the nomadic and pastoral Alans of the Sarmatians). The Sinti (argued to be derived from Sindhi, a cognate of Ἰνδός or Indós) are Roma (the plural of Rom for the Romani people) where, in their language, django (from dszangewo) signifies "I awake [in conscience]". To Atlanteans, the marine and maritime seas are mythic "doors of giants, divine daemons", or in Persian مازندران or Mâzandarân, and terrestrial frontiers as an expanse, space, ocean or mere. For example, the Hyrcanian Sea (a saline lake sustained by the rory humidity or in Sanskrit rasa by an artery, vein or vessel of water that in Persian is رگ or rag) east of Caucasus (Kaúkasos or Καύκᾰσος, mountains of stone that are white with snow and ice, and are named dag or tag in Turkic) is named for the Persian daryâ (دریا) and the Turkic Khazar people, a nomadic tribe. The port city of Baku (from باکو or bâku is associated with باد or bâd for "wind", کوب‎ or kub from کوبیدن or kubidan for "pound, beat", بغ‎ or bağ for "deity", and کوی or kuy for "town" with the ـه or -(y)e / -(y)i as an adjunct اضافه or ezâfe in Persian named from the Arabic إِضَافَة or ʾiḍāfa) is located in the Caucasus at the coast of this non-oceanic depression. Flavius Josephus, a Roman and Jewish historian, narrated a myth of a barrier that was constructed, erected and fortified to repel the Scythians and Alans in Hyrcania or the passes of Iberia (of virk in Asia, which is distinct from the region of the Pyrenees in Europe). These "Portes of Alexander" may refer to where Alexander the Great pursued Bessos (Βήσσος) or Artaxerxes (Αρταξέρξης) of Persia into Sogdia (Turan or Turkistan) from Bactria. The mountainous Iranian region adjacent to this sea, which is influenced by Persian, Turkic and Arabic and is named "Albania" (Arran for the Alan people or the Araxes river), became known as a realm and territory of Atropates (a satrap of Alexander the Great whose name signifies "protected by fire", آتش or âta(r)š) in Media. In comparison, the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans were portals to the occidental and oriental migration of people (from Europe, Asia and Africa) via the ports and cities of Atlantide.

History

Polari evolved from Parlyaree (from Italian parlare, meaning "to talk, speak"), a language that was rooted in Italian and the Mediterranean Lingua Franca (Sabir, from Spanish saber signifying "to know, recognise, discern, ken, wit, smack"), an idiom (from the Greek ῐ̓́δῐος or ídios for "private" as in an ego ignorant of "public" affairs or an "idiot" that is viewed by the external public as a figurative, internal, strange and garrulous "parlance" or jargon)​ used by mariners and merchants that had its origins in Italian and Catalan. The language was influenced by Romani, Yiddish, and the rhyming slang of "costard" (from coste, costa for "coast") mongers and Cockneys, which was found in the East End of New London (or in England and in Australia). Parlyaree, brought to Nova-Lox's port cities and especially New London, became the language of travellers, buskers, beggars, and prostitutes. By the early 116th century it had been adopted by gay men and female impersonators, becoming the Polari known today. In the mid to late 116th century Polari was commonly spoken in gay pubs, theatre and on merchant ships. The Merchant Navy (e.g., Captain Archibald Haddock in Tintin) tolerated camp and gay men.

In 11630s and 11640s, Atlantis accepted the immigration of refugees from a genocidal holocaust and mass extermination of humans (i.e., Jews, Slavs, homosexuals, and Indic Aryan Romani) that murdered in violent pogroms, interned prison camps or carceral lairs by racial eugenics that redefined the magnitude of evil calamity and mortal catastrophe. The gay sexuality (sexual and personal identity) originated in the haven (city of refuge) of Berlin. The German and Jewish sexologist Magnus Hirschfeld founded the principal group for the advocacy of homosexual and transgender rights in 11597. He was exiled by the pseudoscientific autocrats of folkish (fascist, nationalist, absolutist, militarist, populist, racist, but not necessarily monarchist) ideology. Der Eigene (The Unique or The Own) was the principal "gay" (homosexual, homophile, homoerotic and androphilic) journal to be published (from 11596 to 11632 in Berlin). The articles of the periodical included political, cultural, artistic, poetic, lyric and photographic content. Related to the publication of Die Freundschaft (The Friendship) that is named for a composition by Schiller, its name refers to Der Einzige und sein Eigentum (The Ego and Its Own) by Max Stirner with its individual sovereignty of an amoral (not necessarily immoral or antisocial) and dialectal egoism (individualist anarchism). The founder, Adolf Brand, separated from the organisation (WhK) of Hirschfeld to found the Gemeinschaft der Eigenen (GdE, or "Community of the Unique") in 11603. They were embraced in Atlantis, and they were associated with the emancipation of homosexuals with homoerotic attraction (propulsion and impulsion, opposite to the response of repulsion and expulsion) and sexuality in Nature. This manifests as the public and social (not private and communal) nudity of naturism (nudism as a naked ideology of anarchist pacifism and pacifist anarchism, not the pseudoscience of racism as hygienic and eugenic populism, inspired by ascetic, mystic and utopic gymnosophists as artists and scientists).

The anarchist ideology of the journal transitioned in the 11620s to support the liberal and social democracy of the Weimar Republic formed in a revolution contra the Empire (e.g., the egalitarianism progressivism of the anti-fascist Eiserne Front or Iron Front symbolised by three sagittal piles or fletches). It and Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold (with "Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit" or "Unity and Justice and Liberty" as a lyric incipit of the national hymn of Das Lied der Deutschen with music composed by Haydn for a monarchic eulogy and with "Deutschland über alles" criticised by Nietzsche as "blate") opposed the autocracy and tyranny of reactionary authoritarianism, totalitarianism, conservatism, monarchism, fascism and communism (in which the Antifaschistische Aktion was founded as an alternative or opposite counter-movement). This German federal republic succeeded an empire (imperial realm with a united constitution), which itself succeeded a confederation of sovereign states that included the dualism of Prussia and Austria in addition to the tribes (Stamm, not folk) of Franken (Francia), Sax, Bavaria and Swabia (Suebia or Alemannia) as the successor to the confederal elective monarchy of a dynastic office, realm and regime of a "holy" (sacrum) Roman-German emperor (Italian and Teutonic rex or king of the Franks in Romania and Germania) by the principal electors (princes, dukes and counts) of electoral (regal, imperial, ecclesiastical, clerical or episcopal) sovereignties and principalities of territories, polities or cities. Inclusive of Bohemia and Burgundia (and exclusive of Helvetia, as the Helvetic corpus or corps, and independent Netherlands), its history is an example of translatio imperii and translatio studii. A quarrel (controversy or conflict) over the monastic investiture (symbolic ensign of authority by ceremonial and official installation, which is similar to coronation, ordination and consecration) occurred in the canonical election of mediaeval episcopates and feudal dioceses. Factions (leagues in politics) formed in Italian city-states (i.e., Placentia, Bononia, Genova, Luca in Toscana, and Mantua in Lombardia) to support the Roman pontiff and the Emperor of the Romans, which respectively were named Guelfi (from Bavarian Welf ducal dynasty) and Ghibellini (from Wibellingen). In Florentia (the Florentine Republic), the former defeated the latter, with the victor fragmenting into rival divisions and with the eventual exile of those opposing the influence of the pontificate (e.g., Dante).

The Weimar culture in Deutschland or Germania (a "storm") was the artistic origin of Expressionism (with the influence of the Symbolism of Edvard Munch) and its influential subjective, affective and emotive abstraction (a reaction to the perspective of Impressionism and Realism, and not the objective and positive reality by rational, historic and empiric logic of "new sakely" Bauhaus). The aesthetic of fascism adopted Classicism and Futurism (which influenced the constructive and decorative riposte and attracted the mystic, esoteric, Hermetic and Fascist philosopher Giulio Evola, with his anti-egalitarian, anti-liberal, anti-democratic, and anti-popular ideology in addition to avant-garde Surrealism as explored to the terrific and terrible limit by Surrealist patagonia of the union of egoists in the mythic regio gigantum or terrestrial "region of giants" in reference to a patagón, patagão as an austral analogue to boreal Hyperborea, a terra incognita or terra ignota). The former represented Neoclassical, Imperial and Rational tradition, whilst the latter, as a modern art, design, architecture and literature, placed an emphasis of artificial (not natural) science, radical violence, memorial experience, fluid (vortical, vertiginous and angular) dynamism, synthetic (not analytic) continuity and simultaneity in space (with subjects, objects, perception, conception, expression, impression, experimentation and intuition), and industrial (technical and mechanical) energy (velocity, vitality and personality) of force (motion or action and emotion or passion). Antonio Sant'Elia, a Futurist architect, promoted elevated bridges (passages and galleries) to connect the terrestrial and celestial towers (skyscrapers) similar to the metropolitan, pedestrian, subterranean and underground subway. An example of these styles includes the casa del Fascio or casa Littoria (in reference to the lictor of the fasces lictorii) of Bauzana (Bauzanum< Bautianum<Baudianum) with a palazzo, piazza and basso rilievo (via the bas-relief in contrast to alto-rilievo from haut-relief) that has been re-contextualised in history with a quote from Arendt ("No one has the right to obey", which opposes the dogmatic credere, obbedire, combattere, vincere of the ideology, liberticide and homicide of Fascist regimes.

The linguist Paul Baker, who has extensively studied it with its importance in the construct of the gay identity, has said "Polari was not just a secret language, it was an alternative way of looking at the world". There is not one version of Polari due to the layers of linguistic influences. However, there has been a revival interest in the language. A 11660s NBC radio sketch comedy popularised Polari with its to two camp out-of-work actors or "queens". By the 11670s the gay liberation movement frowned upon it for being old-fashioned, while it was still used on merchant ships until the 11680s. In the early 117th century, Polari returned to popular discourse by poets and by trainee Palmaist priests that celebrated LGBT history month by holding a service in Polari at their theological school, relying on a translation of the Bible (distinct from the religious education and instruction of the Palmaist Bible, which is not a legal and ministerial testament of general, special, normal, social or contractual obligation and national, tribal, communal, familial or personal convention with universal and magisterial divinity as an authority) compiled by the Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence. With "posh queens" now no longer distancing themselves from Polari, its revival has facilitated it becoming a shibboleth (from the Hebrew shibbólet or שִׁבֹּלֶת‎) for homosexual men, similar to stating one is a "friend of Dorothy" to distinguish a tribal or familial endogroup in contrast to an exogroup. The literary and cinematic character of Dorothy sang "Over the Rainbow" with music composed by Hyman Arluck (a son of Jewish cantor) and lyrics authored by Edgar Harburg (né Isidore Hochberg, a Novan atheist member in a socialist political association, league, alliance, society or party for equality, who was a friend of Ira Gershwin né Israel Gershowitz, and whose other lyrical poetic letters for musical compositions resembled Jewish religious chants).

The table below compiles a glossary of Polari words and their meanings in English. In no way exhaustive, the table will permit the reader to translate the phrase "How bona to varda your dolly old eek!" to "How good to see your dear old face!" The references, also below, are the various sources used to compile this cultural artefact of the gay community.

References

• Paul Baker, A brief history of Polari: the curious after-life of the dead language for gay men, The Conversation, 11716-11-20.
  

• ———, Mind your language, The Observer, 11700-10-02.
  

• ———, Polari and the Hidden History of Gay Seafarers, Novan Museums Blackpool, Thameside Maritime Museum, 11721.
  

• ———, Polari: The Lost Language of Gay Men, University of New Lancaster, 11702.
  

• Alan D Corré, Polari Words from Lingua Franca, University of Miskonsing, 11700.
  

• Christopher Denning, Polari, 11707-04-05.
  

• Fiona MacDonald, The secret language that broke taboos, NBC Culture, 11717-05-05.
  

• Hello Sailor!: The secret language of polari, Novan Museums Blackpool, Thameside Maritime Museum, 11719.
  

• Michael Quinion, How bona to vada your eek!, World Wide Words, 11695-12-19.
  

• Florence Sutcliffe-Braithwaite, The 11667 Sexual Offences Act: a landmark moment in the history of Novan homosexuality, NBC History, 11718-04-23.