M96 Light Utility Multi-Purpose Vehicle Mark 2

M96 LUMPS II
Type	Light armoured all-terrain multipurpose vehicle
Place of origin	Etoile Arcture

Service history
In service	2007 - present
Used by	Etoile Arcture Ground Forces Armée de Terre Royal Imbrinium Army Zinarian Army Parilisan Revolutionary Army Salcanian Army Armata Terrestre da Nangue Turkish Army Korrodosian Imperial Army Locharian Army Imperial Novakian Army others (see below)

Production history
Designer	Colibri Automative Works
Designed	1996-2005
Manufacturers	Sequoia Dynamics Land Systems Korrodos Military Dynamics (under license)
Unit cost	US$250,000
Number built	~10 million
Variants	See below

Specifications
Weight	8,391 kg
Length	4.1 m
Width	2.29 m
Height	2.03 m
Crew	2 (+ 3)

Armour	STANAG 4569 Level 3 MRAP Category I
Main armament	options for: FN Herstal M3M .50-cal MG50 .60 cal PCTA Mauser RMK 30/2 30mm CL Hawkeye 105mm light gun Soltam Spear 120mm mortar Rafael SPIKE-NLOS
Engine	in-line six-cylinder ("straight six") 32-valve intercooled common rail direct injection turbo diesel 215 bhp (231 kW)
Power train	parallel hybrid electric drive 4 x in-hub permanent magnet brushless traction motors 67 bhp (50 kW)
Power/weight	33.87 hp/t
Payload capacity	1,300 kg
Transmission	6-speed automatic electronic shifting
Suspension	4x4 double wishbone independent electronic pneumatic suspension
Ground clearance	40-46 cm adjustable
Operational range	~965 km @ 45 kph
Speed	130 kph (electronically limited)

The M96 Light Utility Multi-Purpose Vehicle (LUMPS) Mark 2 (II) has been designed for a requirement to exceed a 600 mile (965 km) operational radius and features high fuel economy hybrid-electric propulsion, all-terrain mobility, quiet operation, advanced signature management, and armoured crew capsule with STANAG Level 3 protection from small arms fire and shell splinters, and MRAP Category I protection from land mines and improvised explosive devices.

Design

The M96 LUMPS II is configured with a front engine, four-wheel drive and steer (4WD&S), and four door armoured crew cabin with centre driving station, two duplicate advanced crew stations and either two passenger seats, a modular rear bay or an open load bed. Armament options include remotely controlled weapon stations for up to medium calibre weapons on the cabin roof, and automated weapon systems including mortars, artillery and articulated slant box launchers mounted in the rear bed. The M96 is easily air transportable, and can be carried internally by a C-130-sized or larger aircraft, or underslung by a V-22 or CH-47-type aircraft for quick deployment.

Mobility

The M96 is propelled by a parallel hybrid propulsion system consisting of a front mounted 4.6 litre turbocharged, intercooled diesel engine burning JP-8 (MIL-DTL-83133) kerosene-based jet fuel and rated at 215 hp (160 kW) with 400 N-m (Newton metres) of torque, a shaft-driven direct-drive constant speed permanent magnet (PM) brushless DC alternator/generator producing 111.85 kW of electricity with an efficiency of 97.5%, a Saft energy storage system in the undercarriage consisting of a rechargeable 114 kW/hr Lithium-metal polymer (LMP) high voltage battery pack, and four oil-cooled in-hub PM traction motors providing all-wheel drive rated at 67 bhp (50 kW). The drive train delivers a peak torque of 80 N-m per at each wheel to overcome all types of terrain, with break force distribution and regenerative braking using the traction motors to recover energy.
On-board electrical power for the drive train, vehicle electronics (vetronics), mission equipment and armament systems is provided via a solid-state DC-DC step transformer. Decoupled drive-by-wire electro-mechanical linkages transfer power from engine to motors to increase performance and responsivity, minimise volume and weight, and reduce thermal, audible and electro-magnetic signature. An automated electronic shifting transmission allows selection between direct power, battery power for reduced fuel consumption over all terrains and silent watch and movement in urban areas, and both systems for instant startup, rapid acceleration and maximum power and torque over rough terrain and steep gradients.
A double wishbone independent electronic pneumatic suspension with semi-active magneto rheological struts offer electronic ride height control and active damping for roll stability. The vehicle steers on all four wheels with electric power steering (EPS) assistance, using 36X12.5R20 28-ply radial off-road all-terrain tyres fitted with self-supporting puncture-resistant run-flat inserts. A central tyre inflation system (CTIS) automatically adjusts air pressure at each tyre to match the ground pressure on different surfaces (hard, soft, etc) for better traction performance and to lower strain on the drive train.

Protection

The M96 has been designed to provide a STANAG 4569 Level 3 ballistic protection and MRAP Category I blast protection rating to occupants. This is achieved with a diamond-shaped steel hull with outward and inward sloped sides that provides resistance to small arms fire and a reduced radar cross section (RCS), and a "V"-shaped belly plate that combines to mitigate and deflect blasts from mines and other explosive hazards vertically and away from the hull.
The basic frame and hull is of all-welded 5083 light aluminium alloy (MIL-A-46026) construction, with high hardness wrought armour steel (MIL–A-12560) used for the doors and belly plate. The integrally-armoured monocoque crew compartment is constructed from titanium tri-aluminide (TiAl₃Ti) metal matrix armour with a Dyneema spall liner. The undercarriage is protected by an anti-mine blast suppressive floor consisting of a light alloy spaced plate array and rigid closed-cell spray polyurethane foam filler that absorbs shock waves and energy from blasts. The armour suite is not load bearing and consists of modular replaceable segments of multi-hit ablative polymer constrained ceramic-filled composite armour of boron carbide-aluminium diboride (B₄C/AlB₂/S2-glass/epoxy) composition fastened in place by bolts to the exterior surfaces. Windscreens, windows and vision blocks are constructed from ballistic resistant aluminium oxynitride (AlON) transparent polycrystalline ceramic armour that is proof against .50 cal BMG armour piercing rounds, and treated with a laser protective dielectric coating.
The crew compartment is equipped with an Environmental Control System (ECS) that provides air conditioning and climate control to relieve crew fatigue, and a nuclear, biological and chemical (NBC) overpressure system to keep out contaminants. When buttoned-up the crew compartment acts as a sealed citadel, protected by a STANAG 4447-compliant 4 mbar (0.004 kp/cm²) overpressure collective protection system. A central air filtration system provides 80 m³/hour in purified air to all occupants inside the cabin, using a radial flow combination filter to remove gas, particulates and NBC contamination from the air flow. The composite armour suite also provides some measure of protection from alpha, beta and gamma radiation. A Radiac monitoring system provides alarms to warn of any contamination hazards. All vehicle and armament operations can be performed while under armour and in NBC alert conditions, but entry/exit from the vehicle can only be safely performed with all crew wearing MOPP (Mission Oriented Protective Posture) gear.

Armament

The M96 lacks a roof hatch for operation of a trainable machine gun pintle as this would compromise the NBC citadel and armed variants are equipped instead with a Overhead Remote Weapon Station (ORWS) installed on the hull roof for operation while under armour.

Fire Control

Vetronics

The vetronics (vehicle electronics) architecture is a computer controlled, multiplexed electronics system that operates and diagnoses all major vehicle systems using built-in self-test fault management and diagnosis equipment. It has an architecture using multiple distributed single-board computers powered by Xilinx Virtex II-Pro system-on-chip processors based on 450 MHz (de-rated to 300 MHz) PowerPC 405 cores, and a dual-redundant MilCAN-compliant J1939 databus with 250 Kbps data rate. Operations are conducted from a centre driver station or from dual duplicate advanced crew stations in the cabin, which all feature multifunction touch displays (three for the driver, and two each for the commander and gunner) with graphical displays powered by processes running on the embedded QNX Neutrino realtime operating system (RTOS). The displays provide realtime performance feedback, or health and usage monitoring, including vehicle speed, engine RPM, braking, accelerometer ratings, as well as audible and visual cues to the driver from threat warning and collision alert systems. The crew stations can access all these functions too as well as data from any plug-and-fight battlefield management system, such as the Cornerstone Battlefield Management System (CBMS) used by the Etoile Arcture Ground Forces, including geolocation (inertial and GPS), route planning, logistics, marked mine, obstacle and enemy positions, optronic and radar sensor channels, gunshot detectors, radiac (radiation source detector and dosimeter) and chemical warfare agent sensor data, in addition to voice and video communications, and control of armament systems.

Versions

• Infantry Carrier Vehicle - Kongsberg M153 Protector w/ .50-cal or 15.5mm CTA machine gun

• Command and Liaison Vehicle - Kongsberg M153 Protector w/ .50-cal or 15.5mm CTA machine gun, two TOC stations in hardened shelter

• Medical Evacuation Vehicle - two litter station in hardened shelter

• Scout Observation Vehicle - elevating sensor mast

• Light Support Vehicle - Rheinmetall (Mauser) RMK 30/2 recoilless machine cannon on remote weapon station

• Medium Support Vehicle - Mandus Group 105 mm Hawkeye Weapon System lightweight howitzer on rear bed

• Fire Support Vehicle - Soltam Spear 120 mm automated mortar on rear bed

• Anti-Tank Vehicle - four-pack Rafael Spike-NLOS launcher on rear bed

• Air Defence Vehicle - four-pack IRIS-T/SL launcher on rear bed

• Coastal Defence Vehicle - four-pack AFOGM (Polyphem) launcher on rear bed

Variants

M96 LUMPS II Infantry Carrier Vehicle

M96 LUMPS II Command Liaison Vehicle

M96 LUMPS II Scout/Observation Vehicle

M96 LUMPS II Medical Evacuation Vehicle

M96 LUMPS II Command/Operations Vehicle

M96 LUMPS II Light Support Vehicle

M96 LUMPS II Fire Support Vehicle

Operators

Etoile Arcture

• Etoile Arcture Ground Forces

• Etoile Arcture Special Forces

Arcturia

• Armée de Terre

• Forces Spéciales

• Corps des Marines

Imbrinium

• Royal Imbrinium Army

• Royal Imbrinium Marine Corps

Zinaire

• Zinarian Army

Parilisa

• Parilisan Revolutionary Army

Salcania

• Salcanian Army

Nanwe

• Armata Terrestre da Nangue

Turkish federation

• Turkish Army

Korrodos

• Imperial Army

Lochario

• Locharian Army

The Novakian Empire

• Imperial Novakian Army

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Military vehicles of Etoile Arcture
Armoured fighting vehicles	M35A2 Cataphract Main Battle Tank - M22A2HA Jackal Main Battle Tank
Armoured personnel carriers	M34A3 Hoplite Heavy Infantry Fighting Vehicle - M65CA7 Talon+ Infantry Fighting Vehicle - M344 Wolverine Armoured Personnel Carrier
Utility vehicles	M96 Light Utility Multi-Purpose Vehicle Mark 2 (LUMPS MK II) - M175 Ibex High Mobility Tactical Truck
Self-propelled artillery	M56A1 Springald Automatic Recoil Mortar System - SPGH-155 Ferōx Self Propelled Gun Howitzer
Rocket artillery	M207A1 Carnivore Mobile Artillery Rocket System
Air defence	Cerberus In-Theatre Area Air Defence System - M84 Argus Forward Area Air Defence System - Manticore C-RAMM (Counter Rocket, Artillery, Mortar and Missiles)
Engineering equipment & support vehicles	M22A3 Coyote Mobile Assault Bridge - M23A1 Hyena Armoured Engineer Vehicle - M4 Lutra Amphibious Bridge Ferry Vehicle - M12 Atlas Manoeuvre Combat Support Vehicle